Advantages and Disadvantages of DRAM | Uses and Applications

In this article, we will cover all possible things about various advantages and disadvantages of DRAM; as well as applications & uses of DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) without getting any hassle.

Introduction of DRAM

DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) is a simple type of semiconductor memory, and it is designed specially to store data or program files which are needed by computer processors for performing their functions. Capacitor represents two possible values like as 0 and 1 that can be hold in a bit, and these values mark as charging and discharging.

advantage-and-disadvantage-of-dram

In DRAM, several capacitors are used for storing every bit of data. This is very simple path to save data in its memory because it needs small area to store same data to SRAM as well as it is capable to store massive data than to SRAM but it requires the frequently refreshing of its circuit for its charging, so it consumes more power compare to Static RAM.

DRAM was firstly introduced and patented by Robert Dennard in 1968, and then it was released by Intel in October, 1970.

DRAM is capable to store more data compare to SRAM as well as it is cheaper than SRAM. Dynamic RAM is most commonly used in the personal computer systems and workstations.

Advantages of DRAM over SRAM

Here, we will spread light on the several characteristics and benefits of dynamic RAM for main memory.

Higher Density: DRAM cells are simpler, requiring fewer transistors per bit, which allows for higher memory density compared to SRAM.

Lower Cost: Due to its simpler structure and higher density, DRAM is generally more cost-effective to manufacture than SRAM.

Greater Storage Capacity: RAM can store more data in the same physical space, making it suitable for applications requiring large memory capacities.

Lower Power Consumption in Standby: DRAM consumes less power in standby mode since it uses a single transistor and capacitor for each bit, while SRAM uses flip-flops that are more power-hungry.

Dynamic Refresh: DRAM uses a dynamic refresh mechanism to maintain data integrity, allowing for continuous operation without the need to rewrite data, which is different from SRAM’s static design.

Simpler Cell Structure: DRAM cells are simpler and smaller, allowing for a more straightforward design and facilitating the integration of higher capacities on a single chip.

Suitable for Large Memory Arrays: DRAM is well-suited for applications requiring large memory arrays, such as main memory in computers.

Read and Write Speeds: DRAM generally has faster read and writes access times compared to SRAM, making it more suitable for certain applications where speed is critical.

Wider Range of Applications: Due to its cost-effectiveness, higher density, and suitability for large memory arrays, DRAM is commonly used in applications like system memory, whereas SRAM is often employed in cache memory or applications where speed is prioritized over density.

Lower Heat Dissipation: DRAM typically generates less heat compared to SRAM, contributing to better thermal characteristics in certain applications.

Disadvantages of DRAM over SRAM

There are several limitations of DRAM, such as:

Slower Access Times: DRAM generally has slower access times compared to SRAM. This is because reading from and writing to a DRAM cell involves charging and discharging a capacitor, which takes more time than the simple flip-flop structure used in SRAM.

Higher Power Consumption during Operation: DRAM consumes more power during active operation compared to SRAM. This is mainly due to the need for periodic refresh cycles and the more complex process of reading and writing data.

Complex Refresh Mechanism: DRAM requires periodic refresh cycles to maintain data integrity, which adds complexity to the memory control circuitry. SRAM, being static, does not need refreshing.

More Susceptible to Noise and Interference: The charge stored in DRAM cells is susceptible to external noise and interference, which can result in potential data loss or corruption. SRAM, being static, is more immune to such issues.

Limited Endurance: The constant refresh cycles in DRAM contribute to a limited endurance compared to SRAM, which does not have the same restrictions. This can be a concern in applications where frequent read and write operations are performed.

Higher Manufacturing Complexity: The manufacturing process for DRAM is more complex than that of SRAM, involving multiple layers of transistors and capacitors. This complexity can contribute to a higher likelihood of defects and lower manufacturing yields.

Higher Cost Per Bit: Although DRAM is generally more cost-effective in terms of overall capacity, the cost per bit is higher compared to SRAM. This can be a consideration in applications where cost is a critical factor.

Limited Application in Cache Memory: SRAM is often preferred for cache memory in processors due to its faster access times. DRAM’s slower access times make it less suitable for applications where quick data retrieval is crucial.

Not Suitable for Low-Power Applications: DRAM is not as suitable for low-power applications as compared to SRAM. SRAM’s static design allows it to maintain its state without the need for constant refreshing, making it more energy-efficient in certain scenarios.

Higher Latency: The latency in accessing data from DRAM is generally higher than that of SRAM. This higher latency can be a limitation in applications where rapid data access is a priority.

Summary: DRAM Pros and Cons

DRAM Pros

  • It allows the great integration density levels.
  • It is able to store massive data.
  • It is capable to refresh and delete itself while processing.
  • It is Cost effective
  • DRAM has good reliability
  • It is Smaller size
  • It has higher dense
  • It has simple structure compare to SRAM
  • Less power consumption
  • It needs small area
  • Low cost per bit

DRAM Cons:

  • Its accessing speed is very slow compare to SRAM.
  • All data is discarded due to power is OFF because it is Volatile memory.
  • It consumes more power to SRAM.
  • Data needs to refreshment continuously.
  • It has complex manufacturing process.
  • Decrease the memory density
  • It has slow operation speed.

Applications and Uses of DRAM

Due to cost efficient storage of DRAM, it is used in several areas such as –

  • It is used in different batteries for synchronous and asynchronous applications.
  • Personal Computers, Laptops, PDA and more.
  • Digital electronics equipment
  • Enhance of graphics functions of PCs.
  • Networking Architecture
  • Workstations and Servers

Summing Up

Through this article, you have completely educated about various advantages and disadvantages of DRAM; as well as applications & use of DRAM with ease. If this content is useful for you, then please share it along with your friends, family members or relatives over social media platforms like as Facebook, Instagram, Linked In, Twitter, and more.

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