What is Multiprogramming System?

Definition: In the multiprogramming system, one or multiple programs can be loaded into its main memory for getting to execute. It is capable only one program or process to get CPU for executes for their instructions, and other programs wait for getting their turn. Main goal of using of multiprogramming system is overcome issue of under utilization of CPU and primary memory.

Main objective of multiprogramming is to manage entire resources of the system. The primary components of multiprogramming system are command processor, file system, I/O control system, and transient area.

Also Read: Multiprocessor Operating System with Types and Examples

So, multiprogramming operating system is designed based on this principle that sub segmenting parts of transient area to store individual programs, and then resource management routines are attached with basic function of operating system.

Working of Multiprogramming System

In the multi-programming system, multiple users can perform their tasks concurrently, and it can be stored into main memory. CPU has ability to deliver time to several programs while sitting in idle mode, when one is getting engage along with I/O operations.

Also Read: Clustered Operating System (OS): Definition, Types, and Advantages!!

Multiprogramming Operating System Diagram

When one program is getting to wait for I/O transfer, and another program is always ready to use of processor, and CPU’s time can be shared into various processes.

All jobs are executed at the same time frame is not known as multiprogramming but it can be defined as multiple jobs present for processor and part of other processes are executed then segment of another and so on.

Examples of Multiprogramming Operating System

Also Read: Multiprocessor Operating System with Types and Examples

One real life example: User can use MS-Excel, download apps, transfer data from one point to another point, Firefox or Google chrome browser, and more at a same time.

Much application software like as media player, office and most popular browser. On modern web browser, single user can open many website and app at the same time duration by opening on various tabs and windows as needed.

Modern desktop operating systems are enabled with multi programming concept, and then single user is capable to operate various programs on this operating system at the same time. For example are Linux distributions, Windows, macOS, and so on.

Other Examples are:

• Microcomputers like as MP/M, XENIX, and ESQview.
• Windows O/S
• UNIX O/S

Types of Multiprogramming Operating Systems

There mainly two types of multiprogramming operating systems; below mentioned each one:

Multitasking Operating System:

Multitasking operating system has ability to execute many programs at a same time. The operating system gets this by swapping every program in and out memory, one simultaneously. Whenever a program is fetched out of memory then it is kept store on the different types of secondary memory until it is required once again.

Multi-tasking examples are: Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8 and more.

Multiuser Operating System:

When an operating system allows too many users to make connection with single system running the same operating system is called the multiuser operating system.

While using on multi user operating system, we are able to operate several programs at once and going out a couple of tasks simultaneously. The main objective for designing a multi-user operating system is that it lets to use batch processing system and time sharing over the mainframe computer. Multi-user operating system is mostly used in enlarge organization, campus and universities, public sector and so on. With using of multiuser OS, you are going to exchange files or data, and several hardware components such as printer, plotter, and hard drives. Every user grabs a short period of CPU time for this.

Multiuser OS examples are: Windows 2000, Ubuntu, Mac OS, Linux, Unix, and more.

Difference between Multiprogramming & Multi-Tasking

There are few differences in between multiprogramming and multitasking concept; below shown all:

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Multiprogramming:        

• Approach of context switching is implemented.

• Multi-programming allows enhancing CPU utilization by using jobs

• To decrease the CPU idle time for longer time

• Both techniques are using single CPU

Multi-tasking:

• Approach of context switching and time sharing is implemented

• Multi-tasking also allows enhancing CPU utilization as well as increasing the responsiveness.

• To expend the CPU utilization concept by enhancing responsiveness time sharing.

• Both techniques are using single CPU

Advantages of Multiprogramming Operating System

There are various benefits of multiprogramming operating system; below explain

Also Read: Real Time Operating System (RTOS), Examples, Applications, and Functions!!

• TO increase CPU utilization and it never gets idle.

• Resources are utilized smartly.

• Less response time

• Short time jobs are done fastest compare to long time jobs.

• Multiple users can use multiprogramming system at once.

• It can help to execute multiple tasks in single application at same time duration.

• It can help to improve turnaround time for short jobs.

• It reduces total read time that is required to execute a job.

• Multiprogramming system helps to optimize total job throughput of computer.

• Multiprogramming system can monitor fastest as entire tasks run in parallel.

Disadvantages of Multiprogramming  System

Here, few limitations of multiprogramming operating system; such as –

• CPU scheduling is needed.

• Memory management is required because all types of jobs are stored in the main memory.

• If, it contains massive load of jobs then its long time jobs have to need long waiting time.

• Harder task is to manage of all processes and jobs.

• It is highly complex and sophisticated.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

What is multiprogramming operating system with example?

Multiprograming OS lets you to run many tasks on Same computer system, simentesly. For example: Windows O/S, UNIX O/S, Microcomputers such as XENIX, MP/M, and ESQview.

What are the types of multiprogramming in operating system?

There are two kinds of multiprogramming OS like as Multitasking Operating System and Multiuser Operating System. Above in this post, it is explained properly; you can read them.

What are the functions of multiprogramming OS?

The main function of multiprogramming OS is to executes multiple programs by using single processor machine and enhance the CPU utilization.

Wrapping Up

Now i can hope that you have been fully aware about what is Multiprogramming operating system with its examples and types; and involving with many advantages and disadvantages of multiprogramming operating system with ease. If this content is helpful for you, then please share it along with your friends, family members or relatives over social media platforms like as Facebook, Instagram, Linked In, Twitter, and more.

Also Read: Batch Processing Operating System: Advantage, Disadvantage, and Examples!!

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