What is Operating System and its Types, Uses, Examples, Applications

What is Operating System and Its Types, Uses, Examples, Applications

What is Operating Systems

Definition: OS means operating system, and it likes as software component of computer system that is responsible for the management of all resources of computer system, and it generate the friendly environment for all applications and software, which are installed on the computer because it allows the access to them for performing their tasks effectively.  So, at least one operating system must be installed on all types of computers.  

operating-system

Types of Operating System

Here, below list of different types of operating systems , which are used in computer. Describe each one.

Batch Processing Operating System

In the Batch processing operating system, all jobs (tasks) are executed in series nature on the computer system without any hindrance. In this system all processing performs automatically, and no need the insert manually input.

Multi-programming Operating System

Multiprogramming operating system has ability to execute multiple programs with using of only one processor machine. Multi-programming was started to overcome the problem of under utilization of CPU and main memory. Multiprogramming is interfered in the execution of multiple jobs by a single computer.

Multiprocessor Operating System

Multiprocessor operating system allows to connect multiple central processing units within a single computer system. The term refers to the ability of a system to support more than one processor or assign tasks to them.

Desktop Operating System

Desktop operating system is known as “Client Operating System”. Desktop operating system is installed in the user’s machine such as (desktop, laptop or notepad), and it provides the environment in between the users and hardware, due to that environment users can control the entire local machine as well as their peripheral.
Examples are – Microsoft Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac, Android, Ubuntu, IOS, and more..

Distributed Operating System

The distributed operating system is a model where distributed apps are running on many computers connected through communication. A distributed operating system is an extension of the network operating system that supports high levels of communication and integration of machines on the network.

Clustered Operating System

A clustered system uses several CPUs to accomplish a task. It is different from the parallel system in the package system, in which two or more separate systems are tied together. Clustered computers share the storage and are connected closely through LAN networking.
Clustering is usually done to provide high availability. A layer of cluster software runs on the cluster nodes. Each node can monitor one or more nodes on the LAN.

Real Time Operating System

Purpose of operating system (OS) is responsible for managing the computer’s hardware resources and hosting applications running on the computer. Real Time Operating System is designed specifically for such applications, which are run 24*7 days without human interference. This can be particularly important in measurement and automation systems, where downtime is expensive or delay in program security can be a threat.

Handheld Operating System

Handheld operating systems are small tools that do basic tasks like email, web browsing and scheduling.

Network Operating System

Network Operating System is designed especially for operating different networking terminals such as router, hub, switch, firewall, server, and more. Network Operating System is installed on the server machine, because it helps to provide the best ability of servers for managing of several users, data, group, and etc.

Multitasking Operating System

Multitasking Operating System can support to multiple tasks (Programs), and it executes them concurrently without losing any information. For instance, users can browse internet while playing game.

Multi user Operating System

In multi user operating system, multiple users can access to single machine with running one operating system at a same time. For example – if printer connects to network system, then several users can give the multiple commands for generating the hard copy.

Single User Operating System

Single User Operating System is designed especially for personal computer system. In Single User Operating System, only one user can access single operating system at a time. It has two variant such as Single user/ Single Task OS, Single user/Multi Task OS.

Embedded Operating System

Embedded operating system is a simple type of O/S that is implement in embedded devices.Embedded operating system is totally different types of operating system due to their optimized design. Embedded system is referred to those devices which are built for special function purpose.

Time Sharing Operating System

Time sharing Operating system delivers direct access to multiple users while splitting CPU time in among all users according to schedule system, and this operating system assigns set of time for every user.

Time-sharing operating system implements CPU scheduling and multi programming system which to deliver to every users a small piece of operating time.

Uses of Operating System

Read More – Real Time Operating System (RTOS) Tutorial

The main use of an operating system is to ensure that the computer can be used and the user can do the exact same way that the command given by the user needs to be understood by the operating system that is in the computer or the device accordingly Can work. The ability of a single operating system makes everything much easier because the technique does not need to do many different processes that are told.

Other Uses Are:-

The operating system is essential for the operation of any computer. Even in a single-OS that appears, a computer performs many functions at once:

–  Display an image
–  Run the software
–  Polling for various signals

This is true for everything from NES, ATARI, DOS or Windows PC etc (I did not get into multi-threading)

A (single core) CPU can process a single instruction stream only once (thread). As such, it is to do all those things to jump between these different tasks. It gives the illusion of multitasking.

At a very basic level, an operating system is just a scheduler. In this, there is a list of processes requiring CPU time and provides access to each process one by one, or on the basis of the load.

Without it, you will get stuck arithmetic and 100% CPU time will be required for the output.

Operating Systems Used in Banks

  •   UNIX
  •  LINUX

Operating Systems Used in Mobile

  • Symbian OS
  • Windows Mobile
  • Palm OS
  • IOS

Applications of Operating System

Read More – Distributed Operating System Tutorial 

Operating System Examples

Read More – Guide to Batch Processing Operating System

Here, we will spread the light on examples of all types of operating system. Such as

Examples of Networking Operating System

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2003
  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008
  • Microsoft Windows 2000
  • Microsoft Windows XP
  • Artisoft’s LANtastic
  • Novell NetWare
  • Banyan VINES
  • Sun Solaris
  • AppleShare
  • Mac OS X
  • Linux
  • UNIX

Examples of Multitasking Operating System

  • Windows XP
  • Windows Vista
  • Windows 7
  • Windows 8
  • Windows 10
  • Windows 2000
  • IBM’s OS/390
  • Linux
  • UNIX

Multi User Operating System Examples

  • Unix
  • Virtual Memory System
  • Mainframe OS
  • Windows NT
  • Windows 2000
  • Windows XP
  • Windows Vista
  • Mac OS X
  • Linux
  • FreeBSD
  • NetBSD
  • Plan 9
  • QNX
  • BeOS
  • GNU HURD
  • AIX
  • VMS
  • HP-UX
  • IRIX
  • Tru64
  • OpenBSD
  • Solaris

Examples of Single User Operating System

  • Windows 1.0
  • Windows 2.0
  • Windows 3.0
  • Windows 3.1x
  • Windows 95
  • Windows 97
  • Windows 98
  • Windows ME
  • MS – DOS
  • Symbian OS

Examples of Batch Processing Operating System

  • Payroll System
  • Bank Invoice System
  • Transactions Process
  • Daily Report
  • Research Segment
  • Billing System

Examples of Multiprocessor Operating System

  • Windows NT, Solaris, Digital UNIX, OS/2 & Linux
  • SunOS Version 4, IOS

Other Examples are

  • Intel Nehalem – Beckton, Westmere, Sandy Bridge
  • AMD Opteron – K10 (Barcelona, Magny Cours); Bulldozer
  • ARM Cortex A9, A15 MPCore
  • Oracle (Sun) UltraSpare T1, T2, T3, T4 (Niagara)

Distributed Operating System Example

  • LOCUS
  • MICROS
  • IRIX
  • DYNIX
  • AIX
  • Solaris
  • Mach
  • OSF/1

Examples of Real Time Operating System

  • Automobile Sector such as Anti-Lock Brake and Air Bag.
  • For military as a Defense system such as RADAR.
  • Use in Stock Exchange for updating all current information.
  • Scientific experiments for Nuclear reactors

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